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1.
Pediatr. (Asunción) ; 50(2)ago. 2023.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1507002

ABSTRACT

La incidencia de hepatoblastoma alrededor del mundo permanece constante entre 0.5 y 1.5 casos por millón de niños por año. En los Estados Unidos de América se reporta para el hepatoblastoma una incidencia anual de aproximadamente 1 por millón en niños menores de 15 años de edad. En Ecuador, en una investigación realizada en la ciudad de Cuenca, ocupa el séptimo lugar entre los tumores pediátricos. Se trata de un tumor infrecuente, cuya incidencia parece aumentar en los últimos años. Puede aparecer de forma aislada o integrarse en el contexto de un síndrome de predisposición. Presentamos el caso de un paciente pediátrico, femenina, preescolar de 3 años de edad, sin antecedentes perinatales de importancia, producto de la tercera gesta, nacida por cesárea por distocia de presentación a las 39 semanas. Cuenta con esquema de vacunación completo para la edad. Como antecedentes patológicos personales requiere una hospitalización por enfermedad diarreica aguda a los 2 años. Sin antecedentes quirúrgicos, antecedentes patológicos familiares de tía materna con hipotiroidismo. Se realizó exámenes complementarios de sangre y de imagen, los cuales revelaron una masa abdominal dependiente de hígado compatible con hepatoblastoma con niveles de AFP superiores a 1000ng/ml


The incidence of hepatoblastoma around the world remains constant between 0.5 and 1.5 cases per million children per year. In the United States of America, an annual incidence of approximately 1 per million is reported for hepatoblastoma in children under 15 years of age. In Ecuador, in a study carried out in the city of Cuenca, it ranks seventh among pediatric tumors. It is an infrequent tumor, its incidence seems to have increased in recent years. It can appear in isolation or be part of a predisposing syndrome. We present the case of a 3-year-old preschool female pediatric patient with no significant perinatal history, product of a third pregnancy, born by cesarean section due to presentation of dystocia at 39 weeks. She had a complete vaccination for her age. As past medical history, she was hospitalized for acute diarrheal disease at 2 years of age. She had no surgical history, family pathological history except for a maternal aunt with hypothyroidism. Complementary blood and imaging tests were performed, which revealed an abdominal liver-dependent mass, compatible with hepatoblastoma with AFP levels greater than 1000 ng/ml.

2.
Rev. chil. cardiol ; 41(3)dic. 2022.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1423692

ABSTRACT

En la actualidad existen diferencias en la interpretación y cuantificación de los extrasístoles supraventriculares y ventriculares en el Holter de ritmo cardíaco y no existe siempre una misma definición e interpretación de lo que se denomina como "escaso", "ocasional", "frecuente" o "muy frecuente". El objetivo del presente trabajo ha sido revisar las evidencias actuales y sus fundamentos en relación a la cuantificación o carga de la extrasistolía supraventricular y ventricular en un Holter de ritmo cardíaco, lo que debiera contribuir a una mayor precisión y mejor interpretación de la información cuantitativa en la práctica clínica diaria con este examen. Se revisa en la literatura el concepto de carga de extrasístoles supraventriculares y ventriculares y su relación con eventos clínicos: fibrilación auricular y accidente cerebrovascular en el caso de la extrasistolía supraventricular y mortalidad post infarto y deterioro de la función ventricular en el caso de la extrasistolía ventricular. De esta manera se cuantifica en base a la evidencia la extrasistolía supraventricular y ventricular.


Considerable differences exist in the quantification and clinical significance of both supraventricular and ventricular extrasystoles found in Holter recordings. Usually extrasystoles were classified as rare, occasional, frequent and very frequent. Current publications were analyzed regarding the frequency and clinical significance or these arrhythmias, especially in in relation to prior myocardial infarction, ventricular dysfunction, atrial fibrillation and cerebro vascular events. Tables showing limits to define the severity of supraventricular and ventricular extrasystoles are included.

3.
Pediatr. (Asunción) ; 49(1)abr. 2022.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1386689

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Introducción: La apendicitis aguda es una enfermedad inflamatoria infecciosa del apéndice cecal, constituye la causa más común de emergencia quirúrgica en pediatría. Las manifestaciones clínicas varían significativamente según la edad y sexo. La anamnesis y un examen físico minucioso pueden llegar a ser una herramienta primordial para el diagnóstico, así como también las pruebas complementarias, para evitar realizar una apendicetomía incidental. Objetivo: Describir las características clínicas y laboratoriales en niños con apendicitis, para apoyar el diagnóstico y resolución oportuna. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio retrospectivo, descriptivo de corte transversal sobre los casos de apendicitis registrados en el Servicio de Pediatría del Hospital General IESS Ambato. No se realizó cálculo de tamaño de muestra, se realiza muestreo no probabilístico de casos consecutivos. Resultados: Se pudo determinar que la temperatura mayor 37.5 °C, la taquicardia, el dolor abdominal difuso, el signo de Mc Burney, la leucocitosis con neutrofilia y un examen de orina normal presentan una asociación directa diagnóstica en los cuadros de apendicitis. Conclusión: Se recomienda escalas de puntación clínica de apendicitis, para evitar mayor incidencia de apendicetomías incidentales.


ABSTRACT Introduction: Acute appendicitis is an infectious inflammatory disease of the cecal appendix, it is the most common cause of surgical emergency in pediatrics. The clinical manifestations vary significantly according to age and sex. A thorough history and physical examination is an essential tool for diagnosis, as are complementary tests, to avoid performing an incidental appendectomy. Objective: To describe the clinical and laboratory characteristics in children with appendicitis, to improve timely diagnosis and treatment. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective, descriptive and cross-sectional study on cases of appendicitis registered in the Pediatric Service of the General Hospital IESS Ambato. No sample size calculation was performed, non-probabilistic sampling of consecutive cases was performed. Results: It was possible to determine that temperature greater than 37.5 °C, tachycardia, diffuse abdominal pain, Mc Burney's sign, leukocytosis with neutrophilia and a normal urine test have a direct diagnostic association with appendicitis. Conclusion: Appendicitis clinical scoring scales are recommended to avoid a higher incidence of incidental appendectomies.

4.
Rev. ecuat. pediatr ; 21(1): 1-9, 30 de abril del 2020.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1140927

ABSTRACT

Introducción:Los Nevos Melanocíticos Congénitos (NMC) son lesiones cutáneas que frecuentemente están presentes desde el nacimiento, sin embargo,la presencia de un NMC gigante mayor a 20 cm es infrecuente, motivo de presentación del caso. Caso: Niño de 2 años y 5 meses, quien presentó Nevos congénitas de diferente diámetro dispersos en toda el área de la piel, siendo el más grande uno de color oscuro en el área de tórax posterior en línea media dorsal, abollonada que se eleva de la piel e inicia desde el occipucio y se prolonga por la línea media hasta llegar a la región sacra y glúteos, cubre hombros de forma triangular inversa con diámetros de 27 por 25 centímetros. Se acompañade numerosos nevos satelitales de 3 milímetros hasta 15 centímetros. La presencia de dos neurofibromasenlos dedos. Evolución: Una interconsulta a Neurología Pediátrica concluyó en un examen neurológico sin alteración, el estudio de Resonancia Magnética Nuclear Cerebral y del canal espinal,fueron normales, así como los exámenes complementarios de biometría hemática, química sanguínea, perfil hepático, perfil tiroideoy eco abdominal. La biopsia de piel reportó un patrón histológico de Nevo Melanocítico. Debido a la extensión de la lesión se decidió la observación. El prurito fue tratado sintomáticamente. Conclusión:El Síndrome del Nevo Melanocítico Congénito se asocia con múltiples hallazgos fenotípicos clásicos, dentro de los cuales se encuentran patrones de pigmentación que ocupan las líneas de Blaschko, neurofibromas y múltiples melanomas satélites. Su diagnóstico es clínico y para su tratamiento se requieren procedimientos quirúrgicos a consideración de la extensión de la lesión. El manejo integral de manera interdisciplinaria es fundamental en su tratamiento


Introduction: Congenital Melanocytic Nevi (CMN) are skin lesions that are frequently present from birth, however, the presence of a giant CMN greater than 20 cm is infrequent, reason for the presentation of the case. Case: A boy of 2 years and 5 months, who presented congenital nevi of different diameter scattered throughout the skin area, the largest being a dark-colored one in the posterior thorax area in the mid-dorsal line, embossed that rises from the skin and starts from the occiput and extends through the midline until it reaches the sacral region and buttocks, it covers shoulders in an inverse triangular shape with diameters of 27 by 25 centimeters. It is accompanied by numerous satellite nevi from 3 millimeters to 15 centimeters. The presence of two neurofibromas on the fingers. Evolution: A consultation with Pediatric Neurology concluded in a neurological examination without alteration, the study of Brain Nuclear Magnetic Resonance and of the spinal canal, were normal, as well as the complementary tests of hematic biometry, blood chemistry, liver profile, thyroid profile and abdominal echo . The skin biopsy reported a histological patternof Melanocytic Nevus. Due to the extent of the injury, observation was decided. The pruritus was treated symptomatically. Conclusion: Congenital Melanocytic Nevus Syndrome is associated with multiple classic phenotypic findings, among which are pigmentation patterns that occupy Blaschko's lines, neurofibromas and multiple satellite melanomas. Its diagnosis is clinical and its treatment requires surgical procedures, taking into account the extent of the lesion. Comprehensive management in an interdisciplinary manner is essential in its treatment


Subject(s)
Humans , Skin Neoplasms , Nevi and Melanomas , Nevus, Pigmented , Pediatrics
5.
INSPILIP ; 2(1): 1-16, ene.-jun. 2018.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-987106

ABSTRACT

El síndrome de Stevens-Johnson (SSJ) es una enfermedad inflamatoria aguda, originada por una reacción de hipersensibilidad, secundaria a ingesta de medicamentos o infecciones, que afecta a la piel y las membranas mucosas produciendo lesiones características del síndrome, causadas por apoptosis y posterior necrosis de los queratinocitos; su forma más severa es la necrolisis epidérmica tóxica, que constituye junto al SSJ un espectro de la misma enfermedad, compartiendo aspectos etiológicos, patogenéticos, histológicos y terapéuticos que ponen en peligro la vida del paciente. La afección se caracteriza por una súbita erupción morfológicamente variable, acompañada de estomatitis y oftalmia.En el presente trabajo se presenta el caso de un niño de 8 años de edad,con diagnóstico clínico de síndrome de Stevens-Johnson, con manifestaciones cutáneas, oculares y de la mucosa oral, que iniciaron posterior a ingesta de ibuprofeno, se mantuvo con un protocolo de cuidados que incluyeron soporte de oxígeno, antibioticoterapia, analgesia, corticoides, nebulizaciones, limpieza de lesiones con solución salina, sin debridación y lubricante oftálmico; tras 8 días dehospitalización el paciente evoluciona satisfactoriamente sin complicaciones durante su estancia hospitalaria.


The Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) is an acute inflammatory disease caused by a hypersensitivity reaction, secondary to medication intake or infections, that affects skin and mucous membranes producing characteristic wounds of the syndrome, caused by apoptosis and subsequent necrosis of keratinocytes; the major form of this disease, is toxic epidermal necrolysis, wich together with SJS is a spectrum of the same disease, sharing etiological pathogenetic, histological and therapeutic aspects, that endanger the patient's life. The affection is characterized by a sudden morphologically varying rash, accompanied bystomatitis and ophthalmic injure. In this work we show an 8 year old patient with a clinical diagnosis of Stevens-Johnson syndrome, involving skin, eye and oral mucosa manifestations, which began after the intake of ibuprofen , it was mantained with a protocol care based on oxygen support, antibiotic therapy, analgesia, corticosteroids, sprays, cleansing wounds with saline solution without debridement and ophthalmic lubricant, after 8 days of hospitalization, our patient has a satisfactory evolution without acute complications during their time at the hospital.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Child , Bacterial Infections , Stevens-Johnson Syndrome , Cryopyrin-Associated Periodic Syndromes , Apoptosis , Preexisting Condition Coverage
6.
Rev. chil. cardiol ; 37(1): 55-57, abr. 2018. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-959339

ABSTRACT

Resumen: Mujer de 71 años, institucionalizada con antecedentes de esquizofrenia y tabaquismo. Consulta en el servicio de urgencias tras ser encontrada a la intemperie comprometida de conciencia. Al llegar la ambulancia se constata mal perfundida, bradipsíquica y bradicárdica, siendo trasladada al servicio de Urgencia. A su ingreso el ECG mostró bradicardia sinusal con trastorno de la conducción intraventricular y prolongación del intervalo QT. Los exámenes de laboratorio al ingreso resultaron dentro de límites normales. La historia clínica y los trazados electrocardiográficos son presentados, siendo discutidos junto al manejo médico.


Abstracts: A 71year old woman, institutionalized with a history of schizophrenia and smoking. She was transported to a local emergency room after being found laying outside unconscious. She was hypoperfused, bradypsychic and bradycardic, being transferred to the emergency service. On admission, the ECG showed sinus bradycardia with intraventricular conduction delay and QT prolongation. Laboratory tests were normal. Clinical history, physical examination and ECG tracings are presented and management is discussed.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Aged , Bradycardia/physiopathology , Consciousness Disorders/etiology , Hypothermia/complications , Bradycardia/diagnosis , Bradycardia/etiology , Electrocardiography , Hypothermia/physiopathology
7.
INSPILIP ; 1(2): 1-17, jun.-dic. 2017.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-987499

ABSTRACT

La infección de vías urinarias es una de las patologías más frecuentes en la edad pediátrica, afecta por igual tanto a hombres y mujeres en los primeros años de vida y después es más prevalente en mujeres; el principal signo es la fiebre en todas las edades y principalmente en los niños menores de 2 años, seguido de síntomas y signos más específicos en niños mayores. Para su diagnóstico es importante la clínica y el laboratorio, en donde la presencia de nitros, bacteriuria, leucocitaria en el estudio elemental y microscópico de orina (EMO) nos orienta a su diagnóstico. El cultivo permite identificar el agente etiológico, conocer su comportamiento frente a los antibióticos y orienta el tratamiento. Objetivo: Caracterizar el comportamiento de la ITU y la susceptibilidad antimicrobiana en nuestro contexto. Metodología: Estudio observacional retrospectivo, incluyó 233 pacientes. El análisis estadístico se realizó con estadística descriptiva, con método de determinación de Scott y las mediciones de correlación. Resultados: La ITU es más frecuente en mujeres, el signo más importante es el alza térmica que se presentó en 160 (68,67 %) pacientes, el signo más destacado es la puñopercusión positiva. En el EMO el principal hallazgo es la bacteriuria en el 90,56 %, seguida de piuria en el 84,55 %. En cuanto al cultivo el principal agente etiológico es E. Coli 42,49 %, y llama la atención la presencia de E. coli productora de BLEE 2,58 %. Conclusión: La ITU es más frecuente en niñas, la clínica sigue siendo el pilar fundamental para su diagnóstico con el apoyo del EMO y urocultivo, estudios sencillos y accesibles, el tratamiento de inicio es empírico con base en la susceptibilidad antimicrobiana local y el resultado del cultivo determinará la conducta ulterior.


Urinary tract infection is one of the most common pathologies in the pediatric age, affects both men and women equally in the first years of life and then is more prevalent in women, the main sign is fever in all ages and especially in children younger than 2 years, followed by more specific symptoms and signs in older children. For its diagnosis, it is important the clinic anamnesis and the laboratory exams, where the presence of nitrus, bacteriuria, leukocyte in the elemental and microscopic of urine test, guides us to its diagnosis. The culture allows identifying the etiological agent, knowing its behavior against antibiotics and directs the treatment. Objective: To characterize the behavior of UTI and antimicrobial susceptibility in our context. Methodology: Observational retrospective study, included 233 patients. Statistical analysis was performed with descriptive statistics, with Scott's method of determination and correlation measurements. Results: The UTI is more frequent in women, the most important sign is the fever that was present in 160 (68,67 %) patients, the most prominent sign is the positive percussion fist. In MSU the main finding is bacteriuria in 90,56 %, followed by pyuria in 84,55 %. As for the culture the main etiological agent is E. coli 42,49 %, and it is worth mentioning the presence of E. coli producing ESLBs 2,58 %. Conclusion: UTI is more frequent in girls, clinic remains the mainstay for diagnosis with MSU and urine culture support, simple and accessible studies, empirical initiation treatment based on local antimicrobial susceptibility and outcome Cultivation will determine the further behavior.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Pathology , Urologic Diseases , Noxae , Bacteriuria , Epidemiology , Diagnosis
8.
Rev. chil. cardiol ; 36(2): 154-157, 2017. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-899581

ABSTRACT

A 57 year-old man, smoker, with high blood pressure, presented to the emergency unit with intermittent and brief typical anginal pain in the preceding 2 days. Baseline physical examination was normal. Figure 1 depicts de EKG recorded upon admission. Biomarkers for acute coronary syndrome were negative.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Coronary Stenosis/diagnosis , Electrocardiography , Angina Pectoris/etiology , Syndrome , Coronary Stenosis/physiopathology , Coronary Stenosis/therapy , Drug-Eluting Stents
9.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 144(7): 829-836, jul. 2016. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-793995

ABSTRACT

Background: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a rare and progressive disease. Long-term survival remains poor despite of advances in specific vasodilator therapy. Aim: To describe the survival rate in a cohort of PAH patients in two referral centers in Chile. Patients and Methods: One hundred fifteen patients aged 43 ± 15.6 years (85% females) with PAH qualified for this study. Their median pulmonary artery pressure was 55.4 ± 14 mmHg and their six minutes walking capacity was 368 ± 119 m. They were followed for 58 ± 0.4 months and their actual survival rates were compared with the estimated survival using the equation proposed by the French registry of PAH. Results: One, two and three year survival rates were 97, 94 and 89%, respectively. The observed survival rates were greater than the estimated survival. Conclusions: The improvement in survival rates observed in this cohort of patients is similar to what has been described in literature.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Vasodilator Agents/administration & dosage , Hypertension, Pulmonary/mortality , Chile , Survival Rate , Retrospective Studies , Cohort Studies , Hypertension, Pulmonary/drug therapy
10.
Rev. chil. cardiol ; 34(3): 207-213, 2015. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-775490

ABSTRACT

La amiloidosis corresponde a un conjunto de enfermedades que tienen en común el depósito de amiloide en uno o más órganos. El hallazgo típico del compromiso cardíaco secundario a la amiloidosis es la presencia de insuficiencia cardíaca rápidamente progresiva. La historia natural de esta enfermedad en ausencia de tratamiento es de un rápido compromiso con alta mortalidad. Reportamos el caso de una paciente con esta enfermedad, describiendo su historia, manejo y seguimiento.


Cardiac amyloidosis refers to a set of diseases characterized by amyloid deposit in one or more organs. The typical finding of cardiac involvement secondary to amyloidosis is the presence of rapidly progressive heart failure. The natural story of this disease in the absence of treatment leads to rapid deterioration with a high mortality rate We report the case of a patient with amyloidosis and cardiac invol-vement, describing the clinical history, management and follow up.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Amyloidosis/diagnosis , Cardiomyopathies/diagnosis , Amyloidosis/diagnostic imaging , Cardiomyopathies/diagnostic imaging
11.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 142(5): 662-666, mayo 2014. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-720676

ABSTRACT

Carcinoid is a rare neuroendocrine tumor typically arising in the gastrointestinal tract that can cause heart valve involvement. We report two patients with carcinoid syndrome and tricuspid/pulmonary valve lesions. A 33-year-old male presenting with fatigue and weight loss: A tumor in the tail of the pancreas was found on an abdominal CAT scan. The percutaneous biopsy was informed as a carcinoid tumor. A trans-esophageal echocardiogram showed a tricuspid and pulmonary valve involvement, which was replaced surgically. The biopsy informed an extensive fibrous and myxoid degeneration of the valves. A 35-year-old male with a carcinoid syndrome and cardiac failure: An echocardiogram showed a severe tricuspid stenosis and severe pulmonary regurgitation. The patient was subjected to a double surgical valve replacement. The pathology report of the excised valve showed a deforming fibrous and myxoid valvulopathy.


Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Male , Carcinoid Heart Disease/diagnosis , Heart Valve Diseases/diagnosis , Pulmonary Valve , Tricuspid Valve , Carcinoid Heart Disease/surgery , Heart Valve Diseases/surgery , Pulmonary Valve/surgery , Tricuspid Valve/surgery
12.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 142(2): 246-249, feb. 2014. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-710994

ABSTRACT

Acute primary tricuspid regurgitation (TR) secondary to papillary muscle rupture is an extremely rare clinical situation. We report a 42-year-old male with pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH) secondary to HIV infection, who presented with an acute TR due to spontaneous papillary muscle rupture. He remained in cardiogenic shock despite therapy with inotropic drugs and pulmonary vasodilator therapy. He was subjected to a tricuspid valve replacement. In the postoperative period the patient had severe PAH, which was successfully controlled with inhaled nitric oxide. Tricuspid valve replacement and adjunctive use of pulmonary vasodilator therapy can be a life saving and useful approach in this condition.


Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Male , HIV Infections/complications , Heart Valve Diseases/etiology , Hypertension, Pulmonary/complications , Papillary Muscles , Shock, Cardiogenic/etiology , Tricuspid Valve , Rupture, Spontaneous/etiology
13.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 142(2): 250-254, feb. 2014. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-710995

ABSTRACT

The typical symptoms of pheochromocytoma are palpitations, sweating, headaches and hypertension. We report a 70-year-old female admitted to the hospital due to a sudden onset of precordial pain with electrocardiographic changes. After admission the patient evolved with recurrent chest pain accompanied by hypertensive paroxysms and a pheochromocytoma was suspected. Measurement of catecholamines and metanephrines confirmed the diagnosis and an abdominal magnetic resonance localized the tumor. The patient underwent surgery with successful removal of the pheochromocytoma and was discharged in good conditions.


Subject(s)
Aged , Female , Humans , Acute Coronary Syndrome/etiology , Adrenal Gland Neoplasms/complications , Pheochromocytoma/complications , Adrenal Gland Neoplasms/diagnosis , Pheochromocytoma/diagnosis
14.
Rev. argent. salud publica ; 4(15): 6-13, jun. 2013. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-724714

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCCIÓN: En Argentina se emplea el benznidazolcomo terapéutica de primera línea para el tratamiento etiológico del Chagas. Desde su lanzamiento (hace más de 40 años), sólo se dispone de comprimidos convencionales de 100 mg; no se han desarrollado nuevas formas farmacéuticas que aumenten la eficacia y seguridad, ni alternativas con dosis pediátricas. OBJETIVOS: Desarrollar formas farmacéuticas de benznidazol que ofrezcan ventajas farmacoterapéuticas. MÉTODOS: Preformulación y diseño de nuevas formulaciones de benznidazol, con caracterización físico-química y selección de las formulaciones más favorables. Frente a la discontinuidad de producción del ingrediente activo benznidazol, se desarrolló una metodología de extracción a partir de 8520/8520/nica alternativa comercial disponible. RESULTADOS: Se obtuvieron nuevas formulaciones de comprimidos de 50 y 100 mg debenznidazol, con una rápida disolución del producto de referencia. Además, se obtuvieron formulaciones masticables de 50 mg bajo la forma de hidrogeles azucarados, con un efectivo enmascaramiento del mal sabor. Todas las formulaciones cumplieron los ensayos de evaluación de las propiedades farmacotécnicas y biofarmacéuticas, superando los perfiles de referencia. CONCLUSIONES: Se desarrollaron nuevas alternativas farmacéuticas de benznidazol de rápida disolución, que podrían mejorar el tratamiento etiológico de la enfermedad(especialmente en pediatría) y convertirse en herramientas aptas para su explotación comercial


INTRODUCTION: In Argentina, benznidazole is the drug of choice for the etiological treatment of Chagas disease. Since it was launched (more than 40 years ago), there are only 100 mg tablets available; the development included neither new pharmaceutical forms improving efficacy and safety, nor a pediatric dosage option. OBJECTIVES: To develop pharmaceutical form sof benznidazole with pharmacotherapeutic advantages. METHODS: Preformulation and design of new formulation sof benznidazole, with physicochemical characterization and selection of the most favorable formulations. Due to the discontinuity in the production of the active ingredient benznidazole, a specific methodology was developed in order to obtain it from the only commercially available alternative. RESULTS: New benznidazole tablet formulations were obtained (50 and 100 mg), with a rapid dissolution of the reference product, as well as chewable formulation sof 50 mg as sugar hydrogels featuring an effective taste masking. All formulations passed the evaluation tests for pharmacotechnical and biopharmaceutical properties, out performing the reference profiles. CONCLUSIONS:New fast-dissolving pharmaceutical dosage forms of benznidazole were developed, which could improve the etiological treatment of the disease (especially in the pediatric field) and become a proper tool for its commercial exploitation


Subject(s)
Humans , Administration, Oral , Antiparasitic Agents/pharmacology , Antiparasitic Agents/therapeutic use , Tablets/pharmacology , Chagas Disease/therapy , Gels/pharmacology
15.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 140(10): 1304-1311, oct. 2012. graf, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-668704

ABSTRACT

Background: Mortality due to infective endocarditis (IE) in Chile is close to 30%. Aim: To report the experience with patients admitted with the diagnosis of IE in a regional tertiary hospital. Material and Methods: Retrospective study of 107 patients aged 50 ± 16years (75% males) discharged with a definitive diagnosis of IE according to modified DUKE criteria, between years 2003 and 2010. Demographic variables, severity scores, clinical characteristics, bacteriology and hospital evolution were recorded. Results: Fifty nine percent of patients had concomitant cardiovascular problems. APACHE II and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) scores on admission were 8.4 ± 4.7 and 2.7 ± 2.8 respectively. Native valves were affected in 91% of cases (aortic and mitral valves in 62% and 50% of cases respectively). Prosthetic valves were affected in 9.3% of cases. Rheumatic heart disease was the predominant primary lesion in 10% of patients. Antibiotics were used in 45.1% before blood cultures were performed. In 68% of patients blood cultures were positive. S. viridans (30.8%), S.aureus (18.6%) and coagulase negative Streptocicci (5.6%) were the identified microorganisms. Intensive care unit admission was required in 48% of patients. Renal, heart and neurological deterioration was observed in 53, 34 and 14% of patients, respectively. Twenty percent of patients developed systemic embolism and 37% required heart surgery. Mean hospital stay was 28.3 ± 19.1 days and 27% of patients died. Conclusions: In this series of patients, IE has a high mortality. Most patients studied were admitted in bad conditions.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Endocarditis, Bacterial/mortality , Hospitalization/statistics & numerical data , Streptococcal Infections , Chile/epidemiology , Endocarditis, Bacterial/microbiology , Endocarditis, Bacterial/surgery , Retrospective Studies , Viridans Streptococci/isolation & purification
16.
Parasitol. día ; 20(1/2): 70-3, ene.-jun. 1996. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-185271

ABSTRACT

Se estudio la presencia de enteroparásitos y comensales en 74 niños de una escuela rural de la comuna de Vilcún, IX Región de Chile, caracterizada por tener un ambiente con serios problemas de higiene ambiental. Mediante la técnica de Telemann modificada, se encontró un 37,8 por ciento de los niños infectados con algún enteroparásito y/o comensal. No se observó diferencias de infección significativa según sexo pero según edad se encontró una mayor infección en el estrato etáreo de menor edad (p< 0,05). Se encontró un 16,2 por ciento de infección por giardia lamblia, un 12,1 por ciento de entamoeba coli, un 10,8 por ciento de ascaris lumbricoides y un 4,1 por ciento de trichuris trichuria. El índice de desnutrición y riesgo nutricional fue significativamente alto


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Helminthiasis/epidemiology , Protozoan Infections/epidemiology , Helminthiasis/drug therapy , Helminthiasis/parasitology , Nutrition Assessment , Rural Population/statistics & numerical data , Protozoan Infections/drug therapy , Protozoan Infections/parasitology , Rural Health/statistics & numerical data , Sanitation/statistics & numerical data , Schools
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